The F1 ledge: density, height and slope
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Abstract
Diurnal variations of the F1 region ionization at 170 km altitude and the slope ?170 = dN/dh at this height are analyzed for mid-latitude and equatorial stations: Millstone Hill, Ramey, Puerto Madryn and Jicamarca. Both the density N(t) and the slope ?(t)at 170 km show well defined diurnal variations with day-to-day variabilities of less than 10%. The heights of the F1 ledge, hmF1, are spread over ± 20 km and are therefore of limited value for modeling purposes.
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Reinisch BW, Huang X. The F1 ledge: density, height and slope. Ann. Geophys. [Internet]. 1996Nov.25 [cited 2023Dec.3];39(4). Available from: https://www.annalsofgeophysics.eu/index.php/annals/article/view/4022
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