Seismic Microzonation and Geotechnical Evaluation for Urban Extension in Tiznit, Morocco
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Abstract
Following the 2023 Al Haouz earthquake, seismic site characterization has become a critical priority for improving seismic risk assessment and guiding safer urban development. In this context, Tiznit, located in southwestern Morocco and currently undergoing rapid urban expansion, requires reliable seismic and geotechnical characterization to support informed land‑use planning and appropriate foundation design. This study presents an integrated microzonation‑oriented investigation based on Horizontal‑to‑Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR), Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW), Seismic Refraction Tomography (SRT), Dynamic Penetration Testing (DPT), boreholes, and geological observations. The objective was to evaluate the spatial variability of site response and near‑surface ground conditions, and to identify sectors requiring particular engineering attention. The results show that the study area is dominated by generally stiff ground conditions, with shallow competent substratum over large parts of the site. HVSR measurements reveal mostly flat to weakly peaked curves, indicating limited impedance contrast in many sectors, whereas localized peaked or multi‑peaked responses reflect more heterogeneous superficial deposits. The MASW results indicate predominantly Eurocode 8 class B conditions, with limited class A sectors and localized softer zones. SRT and DPT data confirm a generally shallow geotechnical and seismic bedrock, while the mapped weaker corridor sectors exhibit lower stiffness and reduced serviceability capacity. These findings suggest that Tiznit does not behave as a uniformly amplification‑prone sedimentary basin, but rather as a mostly competent site interrupted by discrete zones of geotechnical and seismic sensitivity. The study therefore provides a practical basis for seismic microzonation, foundation assessment, and more rational urban planning in the Tiznit urban extension area.
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